
Another
very successful Selwyn Symposium and Medal Presentation was held at
the University of Melbourne on 29 October 1999. The theme of the symposium
'Geological Catastrophism' was a prelude to the Selwyn Lecture given
by Dr Walter Pitman as part of his GSA Public Lecture Tour. |
The
symposium attracted 73 participants to hear four invited speakers
discuss wide ranging aspects of catastrophism. Neil
Archbold’s paper "Extinction, Evolution, Catastrophism
and Uniformitarianism" examined the anatomy of mass extinctions
with particular reference to the end-Premian, the mechanisms that
trigger them and the implications of mass extinctions on evolutionary
theory. Neil questioned the simplistic view of classical catastrophism
and uniformitarianism and quoted authors agreeing with T.H. Huxley
that the gradualist view of uniformitarianism may not be correct for
it is very conceivable that major catastrophes are part and parcel
of uniformity. |
Marion
Anderson's
presentation on "Catastrophic Flooding on Mars" contained
brilliant high-resolution images of the Martian surface, which appeared
to support theories dating back to the 19th century about the presence
of water and flooding on Mars. Landform features and 'outflow channels'
on the images show bedforms consistent with high-volume water flow
suggesting a catastrophic outpouring of liquid. After reviewing research
speculation on likely flooding, the source of water and volume flows,
Marion concluded that the majority of researchers still appear to
favour the concept of catastrophic flooding on Mars. |
Back
to earth and Bob Musgrave explained
the workings of the earth's outer core and the recent realisation
of how complex and chaotic the behaviour of the outer core is. Supercomputer
modelling is beginning to show that the earth's magnetic field periodically
exhibits a dramatic change when the pattern of frequent polarity reversals
stops abruptly and a long interval of constant polarity follows. In
his discussion "Catastrophism and the Earths Interior! It's not
all Calm under the Surface" Bob suggested that the extinction
of polarity reversals is akin to mass extinctions in biostratigraphy
and is related to the non-linear chaotic behaviour of the liquid-iron
outer core which may have an equally dramatic geological corollary—the
formation of mantle plumes and consequent eruption of flood basalts.
Finally, Ray Cas concluded proceedings
with "The Catastrophism of Volcanic Phenomena: never underestimate
the scale and the effects". Of all known geological processes,
volcanic phenomena are amongst the most catastrophic and the effects
are not always instantaneous but cover a variety of time scales. For
those interested the above papers are contained in Geological Society
of Australia Abstracts 57 "Geological Catastrophism". |
The
1999 Selwyn Medal was presented at the conclusion of the symposium
to Dr Bill Birch AM, Curator of mineral, rock and meteorite collections
at the Museum of Victoria. The Medal is awarded annually to recognise
geoscientific output and significant contribution to Victorian geology.
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